produce daughter cells that are identical to the parent). Selecting the most appropriate cell line or primary culture for the project at hand is only the first step. Totipotent stem cells have the capacity to produce all adult cell types, can enter the germ line (i.e. Totipotent stem cells can differentiate into 200 cell types of the body and also has the ability to reconstitute a stem cell-deprived organ, thereby opening ways to tissue regeneration and replacement therapies respectively. And the Thomson lab in Wisconsin accomplished the same thing using SOX2, OCT4, NANOG, and LIN28. Found in adult tissues, a unipotent stem cell, in comparison with other types of stem cells, has the lowest differentiation potential. Multi–organ, multi–lineage engraftment by a single bone marrow–derived stem cell. Kocher AA, Schuster MD, Szabolcs MJ, et al. Bone marrow also contains multipotent stem cells that give rise to all blood cell types but not other cells. Hematopoietic stem cells: the paradigmatic tissue–specific stem cell. The discovery of stem cells opened up a whole new arena of research for scientists. Several adjectives are used to describe the developmental potential of stem cells; that is, the number of different kinds of differentiated cell that they can become. Culture with factors to encourage differentiation: they grew cardiac muscle cells (which contracted), and even neuron-like cells. 929 NW 164th Street, Edmond, OK 73013 (Mailing Address) More Locations, Roosevelt 7/ 8, Széchenyi István tér 7- 8C tower, 1051 - Budapest, MedCrave Group Kft, Email: support@medcrave.com, Toll free: +1 (866) 482 - 9988, Fax No: +1 (918) 917 - 5848, © 2014-2020 MedCrave Group Kft, All rights reserved. Mimeault M, Hauke R, Batra SK. The author declares no conflict of interest. The Culture of Cell Culturing: Be Careful Not To Contaminate! When these cells, named induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs for short), were placed in mouse blastocysts, they participated in building all the tissues of the chimeric mice that resulted. Regeneration of ischemic cardiac muscle and vascular endothelium by adult stem cells. They have demonstrated efficacy in multiple types of cellular therapeutic strategies, including applications in treating children with osteogenesis imperfect, hematopoietic recovery, and bone tissue regeneration strategies.37–39 Moreover, the ability of MSCs to differentiate into a variety of connective tissue cell types has rendered them useful in the augmentation, local repair and regeneration of bone, cartilage and tendon.40–43 MSCs are also located in the wall of large and small blood vessels in, but not limited to, brain, spleen, liver, kidney, lung, muscle, thymus, and pancreas.44,45 Therefore, they may serve as a cell source for therapies of diverse disorders such as diabetes, osteoporosis, arthritis, muscular degenerative disorders, and the regeneration blood vessel walls after tissue injuries.46–49, Human studies have reported autologous whole bone marrow to improve posterior spinal fusion in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis when administered along with demineralize bone matrix.50 Similar human trials have reported the efficacy of using autologous bone marrow aspirates combined with mineralized collagen matrix grafts for fusion of thoracolumbar fractures.51, In addition to the MSCs, Hematopoietic Stem Cells may be used in autologous or allogeneic transplantations for the treatment of patients with diverse hematopoietic disorders and several inherited immune-deficient and autoimmune diseases and to reconstitute the hematopoietic cell lineages and immune system defense.52,53, The in vivo induction of mobilization of BM-derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs) into peripheral circulation or their activation can open prospects to promote neo-angiogenesis and vascular repair of injured areas.45,53–57 As evidence, it has been observed that the injection of isolated human CD34-/CD133+/VEGFR2+/ CD14-EPC sub-population in nude mice with an injury in carotid artery led to their differentiation into endothelial cells and their subsequent incorporation into the endothelial layer of carotid artery lesion, resulting in a decrease in lesion size.55.
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